Thứ Năm, 1 tháng 9, 2011

Entry 4_ Pham Tu D

Entry 4
Argument Structures and Fallacies

Item 1

Câu hỏi khảo sát là: “Xin anh (chị) cho biết những nội dung nào sau đây được xem những chuẩn mực đạo đức của con người Việt Nam hiện nay và cho biết mức độ quan trọng của các phẩm chất này?”.

Kết quả cho thấy: "Có tinh thần yêu nước xã hội chủ nghĩa" được xếp ở vị trí thứ nhất với 2,78 điểm (thang điểm 3). Có 82,19% số HS - SV được hỏi cho rằng đây là phẩm chất rất quan trọng, 14,83% cho rằng quan trọng; 2,37% cho rằng bình thường...

Tiếp đó là các phẩm chất:  "Sống phải tuân theo pháp luật" (2,75 điểm); Sống phải biết giữ nghiêm kỉ cương phép nước, ham học hỏi (2,64 điểm); Lối sống có văn hóa (2,63 điểm)...

Phẩm chất "Tự hào là người dân Việt Nam" và "Tự hào về truyền thống tốt đẹp của dân tộc" được xếp ở vị trí xếp thứ 5 (2,62 điểm).

Tuy nhiên, các phẩm chất "Yêu lao động, coi trọng chất lượng và hiệu quả" và "Trung thực trong kinh doanh" lại  cùng đạt điểm 2,18 (chiếm tỉ lệ 72,66% so với điểm đánh giá tối đa), xếp ở vị trí thứ 19 (thấp nhất).

Các kết quả điều tra trưng cầu ý kiến trên số SV quân sự nhìn chung cũng cho kết quả tương tự. Từ kết quả khảo sát này, GS Phú cho rằng: Có thể nói, kế thừa, phát triển, hiện đại, dân tộc, quốc tế, quy phạm là những tính chất điển hình trong chuẩn mực đạo đức ở con người Việt Nam. 

Source: http://vietnamnet.vn/giaoduc/200912/Cham-diem-dao-duc-Trung-thuc-trong-kinh-doanh-xep-hang-chot-882189/

  •  Irrelevant conclusion

The author purposely ignores the low scores in "Yêu lao động, coi trọng chất lượng và hiệu quả" và "Trung thực trong kinh doanh”.


Item 2

“Chơi đúng sức, Việt Nam sẽ vô địch”

Source: http://vnexpress.net/GL/The-thao/2009/12/3BA16C48/

  • Weak argument
Analysis:
Sức mạnh thật sự của đội Việt Nam hơn sức mạnh các đội khác.
Việt Nam chơi đúng sức.
Việt Nam vô địch.

The first premise hasn’t been proved.

Item 3

Bill: "You know, those feminists all hate men."
Joe: "Really?"
Bill: "Yeah. I was in my philosophy class the other day and that Rachel chick gave a presentation."
Joe: "Which Rachel?"
Bill: "You know her. She's the one that runs that feminist group over at the Women's Center. She said that men are all sexist pigs. I asked her why she believed this and she said that her last few boyfriends were real sexist pigs."
Joe: "That doesn't sound like a good reason to believe that all of us are pigs."
Bill: "That was what I said."
Joe: "What did she say?"
Bill: "She said that she had seen enough of men to know we are all pigs. She obviously hates all men."
Joe: "So you think all feminists are like her?"
Bill: "Sure. They all hate men."


There are 2 fallacies of hasty generalization:

  1. Rachel hates men
      Rachel is the one that runs that feminist group over at the Women's Center
      Every other women are just like Rachel
      ----------------------------------------
      All feminists hate men


  1. Rachel’s last few boyfriends are real sexist pigs.
The last few boyfriends are enough for her to know about all men.
----------------------------------------
All men are sexist pigs.


Analyze: False premises: Not all women are like Rachel even when she is the leader of feminist group. Some boyfriends are not enough for Rachel to draw conclusion about all men.


Another way to analyze fallacy (2):

Rachel’s last few boyfriends are real sexist pigs.
      Rachel’s boyfriends are all men
      ----------------------------------------
      All men are real sexist pigs.

  •  Structural fallacy.

Entry 3_ Le Minh C


ENTRY 3
Identifying Bias

ITEM 1:

- Stereotype.
- Analysis: “emo” or “emo kid” is the word which indicates the youngster who has an emotional lifestyle. They are sensitive, easy to cry and sometimes cut themselves to feel emotionally better. As for many people, self-cutting is a typical action, a symbol of emo kids. The image of this action is often used to mock the emo kids. Actually, not all emo kids cut themselves or not all the people who self-cut are emo kids.

ITEM 2:

-          Prejudice.
-          Analysis: The comic expresses negative attitude toward wives that they are bossy.

ITEM 3:

-     Discrimination
-          Analysis: It is clear that this bar/restaurant treat Spanish and Mexicans bad. In the old time in the United State, there was bias toward Spanish and Mexicans because they are believed to be poor and are scoundrels.

Thứ Ba, 30 tháng 8, 2011

Entry 2_Trần Văn B

Entry 2
Understanding advertising messages
Components
Contents
1
Source
Soesman
2
Target Audience
Dutch people who do not know English language
3
Medium (Media)
Broadcast on TV
4
Context
Nowadays in Netherlands
5
Objectives
Create the need to learn English for Dutch people
6
Message
General selling proposition
If you don’t know English, you may accidentally encounter awkward situations in your life.
Product attributes
Train your language skill
Customer benefits
Understand English as a foreign language
Personal values
Knowledge, Self-honor.
7
Message execution
Description
A family of grandparents or parents and 2 children get in a car. The man turns on the radio. There is as English song from the radio with bad words. The family seems not to understand the lyric, they begin to enjoy the loud music and drive away. At the end of the clip, there is the offer “Wanna learn English?” and the name of the language training centre.
Execution style(s)
Rhetorical device(s)
Humorous

8
Evaluation
Personally: very funny, still there is a bit bad impression due to the rude words.

ITEM 1: “Learning English” advertisement


ITEM 2: “ZaZoo condom” advertisement


Components
Contents
1
Source
ZaZoo (condom company)
2
Target Audience
Men (especially who do not like to have children)
3
Medium (Media)
Broadcast on TV
4
Context
Unclear
5
Objectives
To persuade men to use condom
6
Message
General selling proposition
If you don’t use condom, you may have a child. Then you may get in trouble everyday if your child is naughty.
Product attributes
Prevent you from having unexpected children
Customer benefits
Safe sexual life
Personal values
Freedom
7
Message execution
Description
A young man and his son are shopping in a super market. The kid wants to buy sweets but the father doesn’t agree. Hence, the boy begins to yell and expresses his anger by throw products in the market. The young father shows his tiredness as he cannot do anything to stop the son.
Execution style(s)
Rhetorical device(s)
Mood/Image

Humorous/Overstatement
8
Evaluation
Funny and convincing. The ad can evoke the fear of having unexpected children.

ITEM 3: “Companhia Athletica” advertisement.

Components
Contents
1
Source
Companhia Athletica
2
Target Audience
Overweight people
3
Medium (Media)
Broadcast on TV
4
Context
Unclear
5
Objectives
To persuade people to participate in the health and fitness centre.
6
Message
General selling proposition
You may be overweight. Get in shape by take part in our health and fitness company.
Product attributes
Help you to loose weight
Customer benefits
Get fit

ted

Personal values
Health, fitness
7
Message execution
Description
A baby is crying. A fat man without shirt, may be the father, comes to hold the baby in his arms. The baby is hungry and thinks the breasts were the mother’s because they are big. So the baby begins to suck the father’s breasts.
Execution style(s)
Rhetorical device(s)
Humorous
Overstatement
8
Evaluation
Hilarious and interesting

Entry 1_ Nguyễn Thị A

Entry 1
Item 1: Poem
Lonely Road[1]
I traveled down a lonely road,
It twisted and it turned.
The path was paved with fire and thorns,
And I was cut and burned.
I tasted love and found it cold,
Not warm and full of charm.
I learned that walls I built inside
Protected me from harm.
And then one day two eyes met mine,
They saw my very soul.
The love they gave healed all my wounds,
And sought to make me whole.
I walked that road again today,
But everything looked new,
Now roses bloom above the thorns,
And all because of you.

Rhetorical devices:

Ø  Rhyme: turned - burned; charm – harm; eyes – mine; soul – whole…
Ø  Metonymy: two eyes (another person)
Ø  Metaphor: path (one’s life); fire (hatred), thorns (hardships); wounds (failure, sorrows); roses (happiness, bliss)
Message:
Once a person is sympathized and supported by someone, any sadness in the past can be forgotten and the love at present can make up for his or her loneliness.

Item 2: Fable

The Buffoon and the Countryman[2]

At a country fair there was a Buffoon who made all the people laugh by imitating the cries of various animals. He finished off by squeaking so like a pig that the spectators thought that he had a porker concealed about him. But a Countryman who stood by said:
"Call that a pig's squeak! Nothing like it. You give me till tomorrow and I will show you what it's like." 
The audience laughed, but next day, sure enough, the Countryman appeared on the
stage, and putting his head down squealed so hideously that the spectators hissed and threw stones at him to make him stop. 
"You fools!" he cried, "see what you have been hissing," and held up a little pig whose ear he had been pinching to make him utter the squeals.

Rhetorical devices:
Ø  Metaphor: the Buffoon (person whose job is to entertain other people/ convince people of their opinion); the Countryman (person who is honest, critical and truly experienced); the audience (normal people, the public, anyone of us); a pig’s squeak (the reality, esp. the negative facts)
Message:
Men often follow or feel convinced by pleasant imitations of the reality rather than reality itself, especially when what happens in reality is worse than or contrary to their expectations.
Item 3: Cartoon[3]


 




Rhetorical devices: 

Ø  Overstatement: the variety of items on the desktop.
Ø  Metonymy: Computer – modern technology
People in time of modern technology is obviously distracted and become dependent on various functions of the computer and Internet. This causes the complication and disorganization in their working life.